General Vehicle Maintenance

The classic "tune-up" was once the heart of the automotive business, and contrary to some beliefs, today's modern vehicles still need tune-ups to keep them performing at the most efficient levels.

As the pace of technology quickened, the procedures required to perform a traditional tune-up changed dramatically. Highly sophisticated ignition and fuel systems are now the norm, using one or more onboard computers to control critical engine and transmission management functions.

If the vehicle isn't adequately maintained, you won't get where you want to go. As part of the 21st Century Tune-up on today's modern vehicles, the following systems should be inspected: battery, charging and starting engine, mechanical powertrain control (including onboard diagnostic checks), fuel ignition, and emissions.

To help ensure good performance, fuel economy, and emissions, the Car Care Council also recommends that motorists take the time necessary to become familiar with their vehicles. Study the owner's manual to become thoroughly acquainted with the operation of all systems. Pay special attention to the indicator lights and instruments.

Getting Your Vehicle Ready for Winter

Mechanical failure - an inconvenience anytime it occurs - can be deadly in the winter. Preventive maintenance is a must. A well-maintained vehicle is more enjoyable to drive, lasts longer, and could command a higher resale price.

Any do-it-yourselfer can perform some of the following tips; others require the skilled hands of a professional auto technician.

Engine Performance - Correct engine drivability problems (hard starts, rough idling, stalling, diminished power, etc.) at a good repair shop. Cold weather makes existing problems worse. Replace dirty filters - air, fuel, etc.

Fuel - Put a bottle of fuel de-icer in your tank once a month to help keep moisture from freezing in the fuel line. Note that a full gas tank helps keep moisture from forming.

Oil - Change your oil and oil filter as specified in your manual-more often (every 3,000 miles) if your driving is mostly stop-and-go or consists of frequent short trips.

Cooling Systems - The cooling system should be completely flushed and refilled every 24 months. The coolant's level, condition, and concentration should be checked periodically. (A 50/50 mix of anti-freeze and water is usually recommended.) DIYers, only remove the radiator cap once the engine has thoroughly cooled! A pro should check the tightness and condition of drive belts, clamps, and hoses.

Windshield Wipers - Replace old blades. If your climate is harsh, purchase rubber-clad (winter) blades to fight ice build-up. Stock up on windshield washer solvent. You'll be surprised how much you use. Carry an ice-scraper.

Heater/Defroster - The heater and defroster must be in good working condition for passenger comfort and driver visibility. Newer models have a cabin air filter that should be replaced periodically. Check your owner's manual for the location and replacement interval.

Battery - The only accurate way to detect a weak battery is with professional equipment. Routine care: Scrape away corrosion from posts and cable connections; clean all surfaces; re-tighten all connections. If battery caps are removable, check the fluid level monthly. Avoid contact with corrosive deposits and battery acid. Wear eye protection and rubber gloves.

Lights - Inspect all lights and bulbs; replace burned-out bulbs; periodically clean road grime from all lenses. To prevent scratching, never use a dry rag.

Exhaust System - Your vehicle should be placed on a lift, and the exhaust system should be examined for leaks. The trunk and floor boards should be inspected for small holes. Exhaust fumes can be deadly.

Tires - Worn tires will be of little use in winter weather. Examine tires for remaining tread life, uneven wearing, and cupping; check the sidewalls for cuts and nicks. Check tire pressures once a month. Check the tires when they are cold before driving for any distance. Rotate as recommended. Remember your spare, and be sure the jack is in good condition.

Carry emergency gear - gloves, boots, blankets, flares, a small shovel, sand or kitty litter, tire chains, and a flashlight. Put a few "high-energy" snacks in your glove box.

Getting Your Vehicle Ready For Summer

Summer's heat, dust, and stop-and-go traffic will take their toll on your vehicle. Add the effects of last winter, and you could be poised for a breakdown. You can lessen the odds of mechanical failure through periodic maintenance. Your vehicle should last longer and command a higher resale price, too! Some of the following tips are easy to do; others require a skilled auto technician.

Air Conditioning - A marginally operating system will fail in hot weather. Have the system examined by a qualified technician. Newer models have cabin air filters that clean the air entering the heating and air conditioning system. Check your owner's manual for location and replacement interval.

Cooling System - The most significant cause of summer breakdowns is overheating. The cooling system should be completely flushed and refilled about every 24 months. The coolant's level, condition, and concentration should be checked periodically. (A 50/50 mix of anti-freeze and water is usually recommended.) DIYers, only remove the radiator cap once the engine has thoroughly cooled! A pro should check the tightness and condition of drive belts, clamps, and hoses.

Oil - Change your oil and oil filter as specified in your manual. More often (every 3,000 miles) if you make frequent short jaunts, extended trips with lots of luggage, or tow a trailer.

Engine Performance - Replace other filters (air, fuel, PCV, etc.) as recommended - more often in dusty conditions. Correct engine drivability problems (hard starts, rough idling, stalling, diminished power, etc.) at a good shop.

Windshield Wipers - A dirty windshield causes eye fatigue and can pose a safety hazard. Replace worn blades and get plenty of windshield washer solvent.

Lights - Inspect all lights and bulbs; replace burned-out bulbs; periodically clean dirt and insects from all lenses. To prevent scratching, never use a dry rag.

Tires - Have your tires rotated about every 5,000 miles. Check tire pressures once a month; check them when cold before driving for any distance. Remember to check your spare and ensure the jack is in good condition. Examine tires for tread life, uneven wearing, and cupping; check the sidewalls for cuts and nicks. An alignment is warranted if there's uneven tread wear or your vehicle pulls to one side.

Brakes - Brakes should be inspected as recommended in your manual, or sooner if you notice pulsations, grabbing, noises, or longer stopping distances. Minor brake problems should be corrected promptly.

Battery - Batteries can fail any time of year. The only accurate way to detect a weak battery is with professional equipment. Routine care: Scrape away corrosion from posts and cable connections; clean all surfaces; re-tighten all connections. If battery caps are removable, check the fluid level monthly. Avoid contact with corrosive deposits and battery acid. Wear eye protection and rubber gloves.

Emergencies - Carry some basic tools. Ask a technician for suggestions. Also include a first-aid kit, flares, and a flashlight. Consider buying a cellular phone.

Keeping your vehicle in tune with the environment is a win-win situation. Besides helping the environment, a properly maintained and operated vehicle will run more efficiently, be safer, and last longer - up to 50% longer, according to a survey of ASE-certified Master Auto Technicians.

The following tips should lead you to environmentally conscious car care.

• Keep your engine tuned. A misfiring spark plug can reduce fuel efficiency by as much as 30%.
• Follow the service schedules listed in your owner's manual. Replace filters and fluids as recommended.
• Check your tires for proper inflation. Underinflation wastes fuel - your engine has to work harder to push the vehicle.
• Out-of-line wheels (as evidenced by uneven tread wear or vehicle pulling) also make the engine work harder. Properly maintained tires will last longer, meaning fewer scrap tires have to be disposed of.
Observe speed limits. Mileage decreases sharply above 60 mph.
• Drive gently. Avoid sudden accelerations and jerky stop-and-go's. Use cruise control on open highways to keep your speed as steady as possible.
• Avoid excessive idling. Shut off the engine while waiting for friends and family.
• Today's vehicles are designed to "warm up" fast, so forget those five-minute warm-ups on cold winter mornings.
• Remove excess items from the vehicle. Less weight means better gas mileage.
• Store luggage/cargo in the trunk rather than on the roof to reduce air drag.
• Plan trips. Consolidate your daily errands to eliminate unnecessary driving. Try to travel when traffic is light to avoid stop-and-go conditions.
• Join a car pool.

Remember, how your car runs, how you drive it, and how its fluids, old parts, and tires are disposed of seriously affect the environment.

Getting Your Vehicle Ready for Winter

Some of the ensuing advice can be managed by any do-it-yourselfer, while others necessitate the expertise of a professional auto technician.

Heater/Defroster

Ensure that the heater and defroster are functioning correctly for passenger comfort and optimal driver visibility. Remember to replace the cabin air filter periodically.

Battery

Detect a weak battery accurately with professional equipment. Routinely remove corrosion from posts and cable connections and check the fluid level if the battery caps are removable.

Tires

Worn tires are ineffective in winter weather. Check tire pressure monthly, examine tread life and for uneven wear, and rotate tires as recommended. Also, ensure the spare tire and jack are in good condition.

Preparing Your Vehicle For Summer

The heat, dust, and stop-and-go traffic of summer can take a toll on your vehicle. Combine that with the wear from the previous winter, and you might be at risk of a breakdown. However, regular maintenance can reduce the chances of mechanical failure, ensuring that your vehicle lasts longer and retains a higher resale value. Some of the following tips can be easily implemented, while others may require the expertise of a skilled auto technician.

Air Conditioning

Have your air conditioning system examined by a qualified technician, especially if it's showing signs of marginal operation. Check and replace cabin air filters as directed in the owner's manual.

Cooling System

The primary cause of summer breakdowns is overheating. Ensure that the cooling system is flushed and refilled regularly, with a 50/50 mix of anti-freeze and water. Check the condition of drive belts, clamps, and hoses.

Brakes

Regularly inspect your brakes as per the owner's manual, and address any minor issues promptly to avoid major problems.

Discover More About General Maintenance Tips At Affordable Automotive Repair in Fredericksburg

Ask The Mechanic